Section 4: Footnotes
1Darnell, Frank, "Alaska's Dual Federal-State School System: A History and Descriptive Analysis," Ed.D. dissertation, Wayne State University, 1970, microfilm (University Microfilms 71-396), p. 99.
2Darnell, pp. 99-102
3Darnell, pp. 104-I05.
4Darnell, p. 110; p. 112.
5Darnell, pp. 108-109.
6Darnell, p. 122.
7Darnell, pp. 129-130; p. 142.
8Quoted in Darnell, p. 132.
9Superintendent of Industrial Training and Boarding School [at Sitka), 1872, quoted in Darnell, p. 131.
10Darnell, pp. 135-136.
11Darnell, p. 142, p. 15, p. 152, p. 157.
12Darnell, p. 171.
13Darnell, p. 173.
15Darnell, pp. 176-177.
16Quoted in Darnell, p. 183.
17Darnell, pp. 184-185.
18Darnell, pp. 193-194.
19Quoted in Darnell, pp. 196-197.
20Darnell, p. 198.
21Damell, pp. 201-202.
22Darnell, p. 204.
23Darnell, p. 214.
24Darnell, pp. 204-205.
25Darnell, p. 225.
26Madden, Marilou, with Brad Pierce and Bob Silverman, "When Money Isn't Enough: Nonfiscal Influences on Student Achievement in Remote Areas of Alaska," copy provided by Dr. Madden, p..3.
27Madden, et al., p. 5.
28Madden, et al., p. 10.
29Kleinfeld, Judith S., with G. Williamson McDiarmid and David Hagstrom, Alaska's Small Rural High Schools: Are They Working? (Anchorage: Institute of Social and Economic Research, Center for Cross-Cultural Studies, University of Alaska, December 1985), p. 5.
30Darnell, p. 352.
31Darnell, p. 352.
32AIaska Department of Education, Improving School Performance — A Report to the Sixteenth Alaska Legislature, Appendix B, "Extent of the At-Risk Problem," February 1, 1990.
33Office of Data Management, Alaska Department of Education, Profiles of Alaska's Public School Districts — Fiscal Year 1991 [July 1, 1990 — June 30, 1992], p. 11.
34Testimonay of Eileen Norbert, former Director of Native Programs, Nome Schools, before the Alaska Native Commission, Nome, Alaska, September 21, 1992, in records of the Alaska Native Commission.
35Testimony of Dazee, Executive Director, Bering Strait Economic Council, Inc., before the Alaska Natives Commission at Nome, September 21, 1992, in records of the Alaska Natives Commission.
36Testimony of Robert Silas, Tanana Chiefs Sub-Regional Village Liaison Officer, before the Alaska Natives Commission at Fairbanks, July 18, 1992, in records of the Alaska Natives Commission.
37Alaska Department of Education, Improving School Performance — A Report to the Sixteenth Alaska Legislature, Appendix B, "Extent of the At-Risk Problem," February 1, 1990.
38"Common Characteristics of the Twenty Lowest Achieving School Districts in Alaska," Appendix C, in Alaska Department of Education, Improving School Performance — A Report to the Sixteenth Alaska Legislature, February 1, 1990.
39Patrick O'Rourke, unpublished Convocation Address, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 1989, quoted in joint Committee on School Performance, New Directives in School Performance: The Legislature as Advocate and Guarantor — Report of the Joint Committee an School Performance to the Seventeenth Alaska Legislature (Juneau: January 1991), p. 19.
40Senate Special Committee on School Performance, Fifteenth Alaska Legislature Helping Schools Succeed at Helping All Children Learn (Juneau: Alaska State Legislature, January l989), p. 22; p. 85.
41Alaska Department of Education, Office of Data Management, Report on Early Leaver Project Phases I and II 1989 through Fall 1990 (Juneau: Alaska Department of Education, 1991); Swisher, Karen et al, American Indian/Alaska Native Dropout Study (Washington, D.C.: National Education Association, 1991), ERIC Document ED 354126, p. 7.
42Office of Data Management, Alaska Department of Education, Alaska Statewide Early Leaver Report, School Year 1990-91 (Juneau: April 1992), p. 23.
43Madden, Marilou, with Brad Pierce and Bob Silverman, "When Money Isn't Enough: Nonfiscal Influences on Student Achievement in Remote Areas of Alaska," unedited paper provided by Dr. Madden, p. 13.
44AAC 05.040 cited in Kleinfeld, Judith S., with G. Williamson McDiarmid and David Hagstrom, Alaska's Small Rural High Schools (Anchorage: Institute of Social and Economic Research and Center for Cross-Cultural Studies, University of Alaska, 1985), p. 5.
45Office of Data Management, Alaska Department of Education, Profiles of Alaska's Public School Districts Fiscal Year 1991 (Juneau: Alaska Department of Education, April 1992), pp. 12-121.
46Office of Data Management, Alaska Department of Education, Profiles of Alaska's Public School Districts Fiscal Year 1991 (Juneau: Alaska Department of Education, April 1992), pp. 12-121; p. 123; Fax, "Alaska Native Participation Rates," Division of School Finance, Alaska Department of Education to Alaska Natives Commission, August 20,1993, in files of the Alaska Natives Commission.
47Judith S. Kleinfeld with G. Williamson McDiarmid and David Hagstrom, Alaska's Small Rural High Schools: Are They Working? (Fairbanks: Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska, 1985, p. A-6).
48Strong, Doug. "Facilitating Certification and Professional Development for Small Schools," ERIC Digest: Small Schools, ED 260884, March 1985, p. 4.
48Joint Committee on School Performance, New Directives in School Performance: The Legislature as Advocate and Guarantor, Executive Summary, Report of the Joint Committee on School Performance to the Seventeenth Alaska Legislature (Juneau: Alaska State Legislature, January 1991), p. 12.
50Strong, Doug. "Facilitating Certification and Professional Development for Small Schools," ERIC Digest: Small Schools, ED 260884, March 1985, p. 1.
51Ibid, pp. 2-3.
52Ibid, pp. 1-2.
53Kleinfeld, Judith S., with G. Williamson McDiarmid and William H. Parrett, Inventive Teaching: the Heart of the Small School (Fairbanks: College of Rural Education, University of Alaska, 1992), p. xiii.
54Kleinfeld, McDiarmid, and Hagstrom, 1989, p. 29.
55KIeinfeld et al., 1992, p. xiv.
56Alaska Department of Education, Improving School Performance — A Report to the Sixteenth Alaska Legislature, Appendix B, "Extent of the At-Risk Problem," February 1, 1990.
57Alaska Economic Trends, July 1992, p. 7.
58Office of Data Management, Alaska Department of Education, Profiles of Alaska's Public School Districts — Fiscal Year 1991 (Juneau: Alaska Department of Education, April 1992), pp. 12-121.
59Whitmey, David, "A Study in Despair. Native American teens ‘most devastated’ group researched in U.S., Anchorage Daily News, p. A-1, A-10, March 25, 1992.
60Personal communication, anonymous National Park Service employee, August 24,1993.
61University of Alaska Anchorage, Office of Institutional Research, "Student Retention Study Fall 1987 through Spring 1990," March 1991.
62Ibid.
63University of Alaska Fairbanks, Office of Planning, Computing, and Information Systems, "A Comparison of Native and Non-Native Degree Recipients," Institutional Research Series No. 92-6, December 1992.
64University of Alaska Fairbanks, Office of Planning, Computing, and Information Systems, "A Comparison of Native and Non-Native Degree Recipients," Institutional Research Series No. 92-6, December 1992.
65Ibid.
66Ibid.
67Letters, Margaret Langan, Registrar, Alaska Junior College, April 29, 1993, and May 6, 1993, to Alaska Natives Commission, in files of the Alaska Natives Commission.
68Letters, Bristol Bay Native Corporation, May 31, 1993; Central Council, Tlingit and Haida Tribes of Alaska, May 11, 1993; Chugachmiut, May 20,1993; Kawerak, Inc., May 7,1993; Kotzebue IRA, May 7, 1993; Nome Eskimo Community, May 7, 1993; Tanana Chiefs Conference, May 5, 1993, to Alaska Natives Commission, in files of the Alaska Natives Commission.
69Pavel, D. Michael, "American Indians and Alaska Natives in Higher Education: Research on Participation and Graduation," ERIC Digest, ED 348197, August 1992, p. 4.